Main Components and Strength of Stellite Alloy

Stellite is a cemented carbide resistant to all types of wear and corrosion as well as high-temperature oxidation. commonly known as cobalt-based alloys, because stellite alloy are mainly composed of cobalt, containing an amount of nickel, chromium, tungsten and a small amount of alloying elements such as molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, titanium, lanthanum, and occasionally iron. According to the different components in the alloy, they can be made into welding wire, powder used for hard surface surfacing, thermal spraying, spray welding and other processes, and can also be made into castings and forgings and powder metallurgy parts.

Stellite alloys have good thermal corrosion resistance. It is generally believed that the reason why Stellite alloys are better than nickel-based alloys in this respect is that the melting point of cobalt sulfides is higher than the melting point of the nickle sulfide (such as the  eutectic temperature of Co-Co4S3 is 877°C, the eutectic temperature of Ni-Ni3S2 is 645 ° C), and the other reason is that the diffusivity of sulfur in cobalt is much lower than that in nickel.

The thermal stability of carbides in Stellite alloys is good. When the temperature rises, the growth rate of carbide agglomeration is slower than the growth rate of the γ phase in the nickel-based alloy, and the temperature of re-dissolving in the matrix is also higher (up to 1100 ℃), so when the temperature rises,  The strength of stellite alloys generally decreases slowly.

The size and distribution of carbide particles and grain size in Stellite alloy are very sensitive to the casting process. In order to achieve the required permanent strength and thermal fatigue properties of cast Stellite alloy parts, the casting process parameters are controlled. Stellite alloys need to be heat treated, mainly to control the precipitation of carbides.